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Expert: China's nuclear power has a latecomer advantage

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  • Time of issue:2013-07-24 19:52
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(Summary description)Since the completion of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Station in 1991, my country's nuclear energy industry has gone through a development course of more than 20 years. How to view the status quo of nuclear power development? How to deal with the possible risks of nuclear power?

Expert: China's nuclear power has a latecomer advantage

(Summary description)Since the completion of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Station in 1991, my country's nuclear energy industry has gone through a development course of more than 20 years. How to view the status quo of nuclear power development? How to deal with the possible risks of nuclear power?

  • Categories:Industry News
  • Author:
  • Origin:
  • Time of issue:2013-07-24 19:52
  • Views:
Information

Since the completion of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Station in 1991, my country's nuclear energy industry has gone through a development course of more than 20 years. How to view the status quo of nuclear power development? How to deal with the possible risks of nuclear power?

Recently, in the "Scientists and Media Face-to-face" event held by the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, Ye Qizhen, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of China National Nuclear Corporation, and Xiao Xuefu, deputy director of the first-level dose station of ionizing radiation in the defense technology industry, and doctoral tutor , Yu Jiyang, associate professor of Engineering Department of Tsinghua University, expressed his opinion.

my country’s nuclear power has a late-mover advantage

Ye Qizhen said that most of my country's nuclear power was established after the 1990s, so that it can make full use of international experience in the construction and operation of nuclear power. In fact, the nuclear power plants under construction in our country are all constructed with the most advanced technology of the time, and they have the advantage of being a latecomer. At present, the operating level of all nuclear power plants is at an international level.

Ye Qizhen introduced that the International Atomic Energy Agency combines nuclear incidents and nuclear accidents into seven levels. Level 0 is normal operation without any problems; Level 1 is an incident, not an accident, such as some parameters exceeding the requirements stipulated by the competent authority; Level 2 has no impact on the environment, but some equipment may be faulty and have potential The impact of the accident; it is called an accident until the fourth level. The Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan was originally rated as Level 5, but later it was discovered that the amount of radiation was quite large and it was determined to be Level 7.

"my country does not have level 2 or higher, and even level 2 is basically normal. Therefore, nuclear power in my country is quite safe." Ye Qizhen introduced that after the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan, my country proposed eight countermeasures. Improved within time.

Ye Qizhen said that my country's nuclear power development policy is "strategic must be contended." He explained that under the global low-carbon development trend, mastering advanced nuclear energy technology will become a sign of core competitiveness, and nuclear energy will become a strategically contested high-tech field. It is necessary to form an independent and innovative nuclear industry brand and strive to gain a strategic competitive advantage. .

The best choice for sustainable development

Xiaoshefu pointed out that nuclear power plays an irreplaceable role in changing the energy structure, breaking through resource and environmental bottlenecks, ensuring energy security, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

Monitoring data show that modern thermal power generation not only "eats" more, but also "pulls" more. For example, Xiao Xuefu said that taking a 1 million kilowatt coal-fired power station as an example, in addition to discharging more than 200,000 tons of slag each year, it also emits 6 million to 7 million tons of carbon dioxide, 50,000 to 100,000 tons of sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxidation. 20,000 to 30,000 tons of waste, 30,000 to 60,000 tons of carbon monoxide, 20,000 to 30,000 tons of particulate matter, and a lot of waste hot water. The slag and flue gas also contain about 400 tons of heavy metals (such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, etc.).

Xiaoshefu said that since coal is used as the main fuel for thermal power generation from underground, it more or less contains natural radionuclides uranium-238, radium-226, thorium-232, and potassium-40. After these natural radionuclides are burned, they are either discharged into the environment with smoke and fly ash, or concentrated in the waste residue.

"Although the additional radiation absorbed dose to humans produced by the radioactive material discharged from coal-fired power plants is still within the allowable range of the national standard, it is much larger than the additional radiation dose to humans produced by the radionuclides emitted by a nuclear power plant of the same power during normal operation. Many. This is proved by monitoring data at home and abroad." Xiao Xuefu said.

Nuclear power does not emit carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and other pollutants. Xiao Xuefu said that a 1 million kilowatt nuclear power plant only burns 20 to 30 tons of nuclear fuel a year; while a 1 million kilowatt coal-fired power plant will burn 2 million to 3 million tons of standard coal a year. Burning coal needs to be transported by about 100 trains a day, while a nuclear power plant of the same size only needs a few trucks to transport the fuel used throughout the year.

Need to pay attention to nuclear power safety measures

Yu Jiyang has presided over and undertook the research on key scientific issues of my country's 973 plan supercritical water-cooled reactor, the research on the passive containment cooling system of the large advanced pressurized water reactor of the 9th Five-Year Plan, the development of the thorium-based fuel advanced reactor of the international cooperation project, and the analysis of the sub-channels of the heavy water reactor Program development and research on the behavior of hydrogen in the containment under severe accidents. He said that the overall safety goal of nuclear power plants is to establish and maintain a set of effective protective measures in nuclear power plants to protect workers, the public and the environment from excessive radiological risks. Nuclear power plants also have common hazards that any industry can cause. However, from the overall safety goals of nuclear power, it can be seen that nuclear power plants focus on its most prominent issue, radiation safety.

According to the limits set by the International Commission for Radiation Protection (ICRP), the 5-year dose limit for professionals is 100 mSv, of which no more than 50 mSv in any year, and the annual dose limit for residents is 1 mSv.

Yu Jiyang introduced that in accordance with the principle of defense in depth, nuclear power plants that have implemented accident prevention and accident mitigation measures, the probability of a serious core melting accident should be lower than the minus 4th power of 10 per operating reactor year, but this index is still not satisfactory. , The International Atomic Energy Agency's International Safety Advisory Group (INSAG) proposed that more advanced indicators should be reached, and the probability of core melting accidents per reactor year should not exceed 10 minus 5th power.

Regarding the public's "discussion of nuclear discoloration", Yu Jiyang believes that to eliminate panic, it is necessary to strengthen the release and communication of information. Only complete information is released to the public so that the public can make a prepared choice. This will help eliminate unnecessary panic.

"Practice has proved that nuclear energy is an economical and safe energy source, and it is a green energy source without the release of greenhouse gases. In the future world energy demand, nuclear energy should and must play a huge role." Yu Jiyang said.

 

Source: First Financial Daily of July 24, 2013: Zhang Ke

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